CARDIOLOGY

Cardiology is a branch of medical specialty focused on the diagnosis and treatment of diseases related to the heart and vascular system. Maintaining heart health, early diagnosis of diseases, and developing effective treatment methods are among the primary goals of cardiology. As one of the most important fields of modern medicine, cardiology encompasses a wide range of procedures from non-invasive treatments to advanced interventional procedures.

Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common health problems worldwide. The medical advancements recorded in this field enhance individuals' quality of life and extend lifespan.

Main Diseases of Interest in Cardiology

The field of cardiology is quite broad and encompasses many serious health issues. The most common cardiovascular diseases include:

• Coronary Artery Disease (CAD): Occurs due to the narrowing or blockage of the vessels that carry oxygen to the heart. It can manifest with symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, and heart attack.
• Arrhythmia (Heart Rhythm Disorder): Refers to an abnormal deviation from the normal heart rhythm, becoming very fast, very slow, or irregular. Some arrhythmias can lead to serious health issues if untreated.
• Heart Failure: Occurs when the heart fails to pump sufficient blood to the body. It is characterized by symptoms such as edema, fatigue, and shortness of breath.
• Heart Attack (Myocardial Infarction): Occurs due to insufficient oxygen supply to the heart muscle. It is a life-threatening condition requiring urgent medical intervention.
• Hypertension: High blood pressure can cause serious long-term damage to the heart and vascular system.

What Diagnostic Methods Do Cardiologists Use?

Cardiologists utilize advanced diagnostic techniques to identify diseases and plan treatment. The most commonly used methods include:

• Echocardiography (ECHO): A non-invasive test that uses sound waves to visualize the structure and functions of the heart.
• Exercise (Stress) Test: Used to measure the heart's performance during physical activity.
• Holter Monitor: A portable device that continuously monitors and records heart rhythm for 24 hours.
• Coronary Angiography: An invasive procedure that allows detailed visualization of blood vessels; commonly used for patients at risk of heart attacks.

Golden Recommendations to Protect Heart and Vascular Health

A large portion of cardiovascular diseases is preventable through healthy lifestyle habits. Here are the main points to consider for protecting heart health:

• Balanced and Healthy Diet: A diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids, fiber, and antioxidants should be preferred.
• Regular Exercise: At least 150 minutes of moderate physical activity per week is recommended to maintain heart health.
• Quit Smoking and Alcohol: Tobacco products and excessive alcohol consumption seriously harm vascular health.
• Manage Stress: Coping with stress through meditation, breathing exercises, or hobbies contributes to heart health.
• Regular Doctor Check-ups: Early diagnosis is vital in preventing serious heart problems.

Who is a Cardiologist and What Do They Do?

A cardiologist is an internal medicine physician who has received specialized training in heart and vascular diseases. Cardiologists diagnose and treat many cardiovascular issues such as arrhythmias, vascular blockages, hypertension, and heart failure.

They examine their patients' medical history, conduct detailed examinations, and refer for necessary diagnostic tests. Cardiologists also provide counseling on lifestyle changes to prevent the recurrence of diseases.

Invest in Your Heart Health

The heart is a vital organ located at the center of our body, continuously working for the continuation of life. Our heart functions often go unnoticed in our daily lives, but when its health deteriorates, it can significantly affect our quality of life. Therefore, every investment made in heart health is, in fact, an investment in life.

The science of cardiology not only treats existing heart and vascular diseases but also plays a critical role in preventing these diseases, reducing risk factors, and educating individuals. Heart diseases generally progress silently and may not show symptoms before leading to severe outcomes. Thus, the importance of preventive healthcare services and regular cardiological check-ups is significant.

The steps you take to protect your heart are not complex; however, they require a sustainable and conscious lifestyle. Fundamental habits such as healthy and balanced eating, regular physical activity, avoiding tobacco and alcohol, managing stress effectively, and maintaining an ideal weight range support the healthy functioning of your heart. Effectively combating risk factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, and cholesterol also helps prevent cardiovascular diseases in the long run. It is crucial for individuals with a family history of heart disease to not neglect their cardiological check-ups and to heed their doctor's advice. Heart health is an issue that should be prioritized not just one day, but every day.